1 /* Whirlygig -- an experiment in X programming
3 * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this software and its
4 * documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided that
5 * the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that
6 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting
7 * documentation. No representations are made about the suitability of this
8 * software for any purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or
11 * When I was in trigonometry class as a kid, I remember being fascinated
12 * by the beauty of the shapes one receives when playing with sine waves
13 * Here is a little experiment to show that beauty is simple
17 #include "screenhack.h"
20 #define FULL_CYCLE 429496729
25 Bool writable; /* Is the screen writable */
26 double xspeed; /* A factor to modify the horizontal movement */
27 double yspeed; /* A factor to modify vertical movement */
30 int whirlies; /* How many whirlies per line do you want? */
31 int nlines; /* How many lines of whirlies do you want? */
32 int half_width; /* 1/2 the width of the screen */
44 spin_mode, funky_mode, circle_mode, linear_mode, test_mode, fun_mode, innie_mode, lissajous_mode
47 static void explain(int, struct info *, Display *, Window, GC);
49 static void spin(unsigned long int, struct info *, int *, int);
50 static void funky(unsigned long int, struct info *, int *, int);
51 static void circle(unsigned long int, struct info *, int *, int);
52 static void fun(unsigned long int, struct info *, int *, int);
53 static void linear(unsigned long int, struct info *, int *, int);
54 static void lissajous(unsigned long int, struct info *, int *, int);
55 static void test(unsigned long int, struct info *, int *, int);
56 static void innie(unsigned long int, struct info *, int *, int, double);
60 XColor colors[NCOLORS];
61 int ncolors = NCOLORS;
62 char *progclass = "Whirlygig";
77 "*color_modifier: -1",
87 XrmOptionDescRec options [] = {
88 { "-xspeed", ".xspeed", XrmoptionSepArg, 0 },
89 /* xspeed is a modifier of the argument to cos -- changing it thus
90 changes the frequency of cos */
91 { "-yspeed", ".yspeed", XrmoptionSepArg, 0 },
92 /* Similiarly, yspeed changes the frequency of sin */
93 { "-xamplitude", ".xamplitude", XrmoptionSepArg, 0 },
94 /* A factor by which to increase/decrease the amplitude of the sin */
95 { "-yamplitude", ".yamplitude", XrmoptionSepArg, 0 },
96 /* A factor by which to increase/decrease the amplitude of the cos */
97 { "-whirlies", ".whirlies",XrmoptionSepArg, 0 },
98 /* whirlies defines the number of circles to draw per line */
99 { "-nlines", ".nlines",XrmoptionSepArg, 0 },
100 /* nlines is the number of lines of whirlies to draw */
101 { "-xmode", ".xmode", XrmoptionSepArg, 0 },
102 /* There are a few different modes that I have written -- each mode
103 is in theory a different experiment with the possible modifiers to sin/cos */
104 { "-ymode", ".ymode", XrmoptionSepArg, 0 },
105 { "-speed", ".speed", XrmoptionSepArg, 0 },
106 /* This will modify how often it should draw, changing it will probably suck */
107 { "-trail", ".trail", XrmoptionSepArg, 0 },
108 /* Control whether or not you want the old circles to be erased */
109 { "-color_modifier", ".color_modifier", XrmoptionSepArg, 0 },
110 /* How many colors away from the current should the next whirly be? */
111 { "-start_time", ".start_time", XrmoptionSepArg, 0 },
112 /* Specify exactly at what time to start graphing... */
113 { "-xoffset", ".xoffset", XrmoptionSepArg, 0 },
114 /* Tell the whirlies to be offset by this factor of a sin */
115 { "-yoffset", ".yoffset", XrmoptionSepArg, 0 },
116 /* Tell the whirlies to be offset by this factor of a cos */
117 { "-offset_period", ".offset_period", XrmoptionSepArg, 0 },
118 /* Change the period of an offset cycle */
119 { "-explain", ".explain", XrmoptionSepArg, 0 },
120 /* Specify whether or not to print an explanation of the function used. */
121 { "-wrap", ".wrap", XrmoptionSepArg, 0 },
122 /* Specify if you want whirlies which are out of the boundary of the screen to be
123 wrapped around to the other side */
128 static const char funky_explanation[] =
129 "Funky mode is me goofing off.";
131 static const char test_explanation[] =
132 "Test mode is a mode that I play around with ideas in.";
134 static const char spin_explanation[] =
135 "Spin mode is a simple sin/cos with every argument modified";
137 static const char circle_explanation[] =
138 "Circle mode graphs the x and y positions as you trace the edge of a circle over time.";
140 static const char fun_explanation[] =
141 "Fun mode is the coolest.";
143 static const char linear_explanation[] =
144 "I draw a straight line -- woo hoo";
146 static const char lissajous_explanation[] =
147 "This draws a slightly modified lissajous curve";
150 explain(int mode, struct info *info, Display *display, Window window, GC fgc)
152 XClearWindow(display, window);
155 XDrawString(display, window, fgc, 50, info->half_height-100, spin_explanation, strlen(spin_explanation));
158 XDrawString(display, window, fgc, 50, info->half_height-100, funky_explanation, strlen(funky_explanation));
161 XDrawString(display, window, fgc, 50, info->half_height-100, circle_explanation, strlen(circle_explanation));
164 XDrawString(display, window, fgc, 50, info->half_height-100, fun_explanation, strlen(fun_explanation));
167 XDrawString(display, window, fgc, 50, info->half_height-100, linear_explanation, strlen(linear_explanation));
170 XDrawString(display, window, fgc, 50, info->half_height-100, lissajous_explanation, strlen(linear_explanation));
173 XSync(display, False);
175 XClearWindow(display, window);
179 funky(unsigned long int the_time, struct info *info, int pos[], int index)
181 double new_time = ((the_time % 360 ) / 180.0) * M_PI;
183 double time_modifier = cos(new_time / 180.0);
184 double the_cos = cos((new_time * (double)info->xspeed) + (time_modifier * 80.0));
185 double dist_mod_x = cos(new_time) * (info->half_width - 50);
186 pos[index]= info->xamplitude * (the_cos * dist_mod_x) + info->half_width;
189 double new_time = ((the_time % 360 ) / 180.0) * M_PI;
190 double time_modifier = sin(new_time / 180.0);
191 double the_sin = sin((new_time * (double)info->yspeed) + (time_modifier * 80.0));
192 double dist_mod_y = sin(new_time) * (info->half_height - 50);
193 pos[index] = info->yamplitude * (the_sin * dist_mod_y) + info->half_height;
198 innie(unsigned long int the_time, struct info *info, int pos[], int index, double modifier)
200 double frequency = 2000000.0 + (modifier * cos(((double)the_time / 100.0)));
201 double arg = (double)the_time / frequency;
202 double amplitude = 200.0 * cos(arg);
203 double fun = 150.0 * cos((double)the_time / 2000.0);
204 int vert_mod, horiz_mod;
206 horiz_mod = (int)(fun * cos((double)the_time / 100.0)) + info->half_width;
207 pos[index] = (amplitude * cos((double)the_time / 100.0 * info->xspeed)) + horiz_mod;
210 vert_mod = (int)(fun * sin((double)the_time / 100.0)) + info->half_height;
211 pos[index] = (amplitude * sin((double)the_time / 100.0 * info->yspeed)) + vert_mod;
216 lissajous(unsigned long int the_time, struct info *info, int pos[], int index)
218 /* This is a pretty standard lissajous curve
221 The n and c modifiers are cyclic as well, however... */
223 double time = (double)the_time / 100.0;
224 double fun = 15.0 * cos((double)the_time / 800.0);
225 double weird = cos((time / 1100000.0) / 1000.0);
228 result = info->xamplitude * 200.0 * sin((weird * time) + fun) + info->half_width;
231 result = info->yamplitude * 200.0 * sin(time) + info->half_height;
237 circle(unsigned long int the_time, struct info *info, int pos[], int index)
241 result = info->xamplitude * (cos((double)the_time / 100.0 * info->xspeed) * (info->half_width / 2)) + info->half_width;
244 result = info->yamplitude * (sin((double)the_time / 100.0 * info->yspeed) * (info->half_height / 2)) + info->half_height;
251 mod(unsigned long int the_time, struct info *info, int pos[], int index)
254 int max = info->half_width;
255 if ((the_time % (max * 2)) < max)
256 amplitude = max - ((the_time % (max * 2)) - max);
258 amplitude = the_time % (max * 2);
259 amplitude = amplitude - max;
264 spin(unsigned long int the_time, struct info *info, int pos[], int index)
266 double funky = (((the_time % 360) * 1.0) / 180.0) * M_PI;
268 double the_cos = cos((double)the_time / (180.0 * info->xspeed));
269 double dist_mod_x = cos((double)funky) * (info->half_width - 50);
270 pos[index] = info->xamplitude * (the_cos * dist_mod_x) + info->half_width;
273 double the_sin = sin((double)the_time / (180.0 * info->yspeed));
274 double dist_mod_y = sin((double)funky) * (info->half_height - 50);
275 pos[index] = info->yamplitude * (the_sin * dist_mod_y) + info->half_height;
280 fun(unsigned long int the_time, struct info *info, int pos[], int index)
283 int max = info->half_width;
284 if ((the_time % (max * 2)) < max)
285 amplitude = max - ((the_time % (max * 2)) - max);
287 amplitude = the_time % (max * 2);
288 amplitude = amplitude - max;
290 pos[index] = (amplitude * cos((double)the_time / 100.0 * info->xspeed)) + info->half_width;
293 pos[index] = (amplitude * sin((double)the_time / 100.0 * info->yspeed)) + info->half_height;
298 linear(unsigned long int the_time, struct info *info, int pos[], int index)
300 if (index == 0) /* Calculate for the x axis */
301 pos[index] = ((the_time / 2) % (info->half_width * 2));
303 pos[index] = ((the_time / 2) % (info->half_height * 2));
307 test(unsigned long int the_time, struct info *info, int pos[], int index)
310 pos[index] = info->xamplitude * (cos((double)the_time / 100.0 * info->xspeed) * (info->half_width / 2)) + info->half_width;
313 pos[index] = info->yamplitude * (sin((double)the_time / 100.0 * info->yspeed) * (info->half_height / 2)) + info->half_height;
317 static int preen(int current, int max) {
326 smoothen(int x, int lastx, int y, int lasty, int size, int last_color, XColor *colors, Display *display, Window window, GC bgc, int screen, struct info *info)
328 double xdistance = abs((double)x-(double)lastx);
329 double ydistance = abs((double)y-(double)lasty);
330 double distance = sqrt(((xdistance * xdistance) + (ydistance * ydistance)) );
331 double slope = (((double)y-(double)lasty) / ((double)x-(double)lastx));
332 printf("Starting smoothen with values: %f, %f, %f, %f\n", xdistance, ydistance, distance, slope);
333 if (distance > 2.0) {
334 int newx = (int)((xdistance / distance) * slope);
335 int newy = (int)((ydistance / distance) * slope);
337 XSetForeground(display, bgc, BlackPixel(display, screen));
338 XFillArc(display, window, bgc, lastx, lasty, size, size, START_ARC, END_ARC);
340 XSetForeground(display, bgc, colors[last_color].pixel);
341 XFillArc(display, window, bgc, newx, newy, size, size, START_ARC, END_ARC);
342 XSync(display, False);
343 smoothen(newx, x, newy, y, size, last_color, colors, display, window, bgc, screen, info);
349 screenhack (Display *display, Window window)
351 /* The following are all X related toys */
352 XGCValues gcv; /* The structure to hold the GC data */
353 XWindowAttributes xgwa; /* A structure to hold window data */
357 unsigned long int current_time = 0; /* The global int telling the current time */
358 unsigned long int start_time = current_time;
359 struct info *info = (struct info *)malloc(sizeof(struct info)); /* Dont forget to call free() later */
360 char *xmode_str, *ymode_str; /* holds the current mode for x and y computation */
361 /* pos is the current position x,y -- last_x contains one cell of every x coordinate
362 for every position of every whirly in every line up to 100 whirlies in 100 lines
363 -- lasy_y and last_size hold the same information for y and size respectively */
364 int pos[2], last_x[100][100], last_y[100][100], last_size[100][100];
368 double modifier; /* for innie */
369 /* Set up the X toys that I will be using later */
370 screen = DefaultScreen(display);
371 XGetWindowAttributes (display, window, &xgwa);
372 gcv.foreground = get_pixel_resource("foreground", "Foreground", display, xgwa.colormap);
373 fgc = XCreateGC (display, window, GCForeground, &gcv);
374 gcv.foreground = get_pixel_resource("background", "Background", display, xgwa.colormap);
375 bgc = XCreateGC (display, window, GCForeground, &gcv);
376 make_uniform_colormap (display, xgwa.visual, xgwa.colormap, colors, &ncolors, True, &info->writable, True);
377 /* info is a structure holding all the random pieces of information I may want to
378 pass to my baby functions -- much of it I may never use, but it is nice to
379 have around just in case I want it to make a funky function funkier */
380 info->writable = get_boolean_resource ("cycle", "Boolean");
381 info->xspeed = get_float_resource("xspeed" , "Float");
382 info->yspeed = get_float_resource("yspeed" , "Float");
383 info->xamplitude = get_float_resource("xamplitude", "Float");
384 info->yamplitude = get_float_resource("yamplitude", "Float");
385 info->offset_period = get_float_resource("offset_period", "Float");
386 info->whirlies = get_integer_resource("whirlies", "Integer");
387 info->nlines = get_integer_resource("nlines", "Integer");
388 info->half_width = xgwa.width / 2;
389 info->half_height = xgwa.height / 2;
390 info->speed = get_integer_resource("speed" , "Integer");
391 info->trail = get_integer_resource("trail", "Integer");
392 info->color_modifier = get_integer_resource("color_modifier", "Integer");
393 info->xoffset = get_float_resource("xoffset", "Float");
394 info->yoffset = get_float_resource("yoffset", "Float");
395 xmode_str = get_string_resource("xmode", "Mode");
396 ymode_str = get_string_resource("ymode", "Mode");
397 wrap = get_integer_resource("wrap", "Integer");
398 modifier = 3000.0 + (1500.0 * random() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0));
399 if (! xmode_str) xmode = spin_mode;
400 else if (! strcmp (xmode_str, "spin")) xmode = spin_mode;
401 else if (! strcmp (xmode_str, "funky")) xmode = funky_mode;
402 else if (! strcmp (xmode_str, "linear")) xmode = linear_mode;
403 else if (! strcmp (xmode_str, "fun")) xmode = fun_mode;
404 else if (! strcmp (xmode_str, "innie")) xmode = innie_mode;
405 else if (! strcmp (xmode_str, "lissajous")) xmode = lissajous_mode;
406 else if (! strcmp (xmode_str, "test")) xmode = test_mode;
410 if (! ymode_str) ymode = spin_mode;
411 else if (! strcmp (ymode_str, "spin")) ymode = spin_mode;
412 else if (! strcmp (ymode_str, "funky")) ymode = funky_mode;
413 else if (! strcmp (ymode_str, "linear")) ymode = linear_mode;
414 else if (! strcmp (ymode_str, "fun")) ymode = fun_mode;
415 else if (! strcmp (ymode_str, "innie")) ymode = innie_mode;
416 else if (! strcmp (ymode_str, "lissajous")) ymode = lissajous_mode;
417 else if (! strcmp (ymode_str, "test")) ymode = test_mode;
422 if (get_integer_resource("start_time", "Integer") == -1)
423 current_time = (unsigned long int)(random());
425 current_time = get_integer_resource("start_time", "Integer");
426 if (info->whirlies == -1)
427 info->whirlies = 1 + (int)(15.0 * random() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0));
428 if (info->nlines == -1)
429 info->nlines = 1 + (int)(5.0 * random() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0));
430 if (info->color_modifier == -1)
431 info->color_modifier = 1 + (int)(25.0 * random() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0));
432 if (get_integer_resource("explain", "Integer") == 1)
433 explain(mode, info, display, window, fgc);
434 current_color = 1 + (int)((double)NCOLORS * random() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0));
435 /* Now that info is full, lets play! */
438 int wcount; /* wcount is a counter incremented for every whirly take note of
439 internal_time before you mess with it */
440 int change_time = 4000;
441 if (! strcmp (xmode_str, "change") && ! strcmp (ymode_str, "change")) {
442 if ((current_time - start_time) > change_time) {
443 start_time = current_time;
444 xmode = 1 + (int)(4.0 * random() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0));
445 ymode = 1 + (int)(4.0 * random() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0));
448 else if (! strcmp (xmode_str, "change")) {
449 if ((current_time - start_time) > change_time) {
450 start_time = current_time;
451 xmode = 1 + (int)(3.5 * random() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0));
454 else if (! strcmp (ymode_str, "change")) {
455 if ((current_time - start_time) > change_time) {
456 start_time = current_time;
457 ymode = 1 + (int)(3.0 * random() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0));
458 printf("Changing ymode to %d\n", ymode);
461 if (++current_color >= NCOLORS)
463 for (wcount = 0; wcount < info->whirlies; wcount++) {
464 int lcount; /* lcount is a counter for every line -- take note of the offsets changing */
465 int internal_time = current_time;
466 int color_offset = (current_color + (info->color_modifier * wcount)) % NCOLORS;
467 if (current_time == 0)
470 /* I want the distance between whirlies to increase more each whirly */
471 internal_time = current_time + (10 * wcount) + (wcount * wcount);
473 /* All these functions expect an int time, the struct info, a pointer to an array of positions,
474 and the index that the the function will fill of the array */
476 spin(internal_time, info, pos, 0);
479 funky(internal_time, info, pos, 0);
482 circle(internal_time, info, pos, 0);
485 linear(internal_time, info, pos, 0);
488 fun(internal_time, info, pos, 0);
491 test(internal_time, info, pos, 0);
494 innie(internal_time, info, pos, 0, modifier);
497 lissajous(internal_time, info, pos, 0);
500 spin(internal_time, info, pos, 0);
502 } /* End of the switch for the x position*/
505 spin(internal_time, info, pos, 1);
508 funky(internal_time, info, pos, 1);
511 circle(internal_time, info, pos, 1);
514 linear(internal_time, info, pos, 1);
517 fun(internal_time, info, pos, 1);
520 test(internal_time, info, pos, 1);
523 innie(internal_time, info, pos, 1, modifier);
526 lissajous(internal_time, info, pos, 1);
529 spin(internal_time, info, pos, 1);
531 } /* End of the switch for the y position*/
532 for (lcount = 0; lcount < info->nlines; lcount++) {
533 double arg = (double)((internal_time * info->offset_period) / 90.0);
534 double line_offset = 20.0 * (double)lcount * sin(arg);
536 size = (int)(15.0 + 5.0 * sin((double)internal_time / 180.0));
537 /* First delete the old circle... */
539 XSetForeground(display, bgc, BlackPixel(display, screen));
540 XFillArc(display, window, bgc, last_x[wcount][lcount], last_y[wcount][lcount], last_size[wcount][lcount], last_size[wcount][lcount], START_ARC, END_ARC);
542 /* Now, lets draw in the new circle */
543 { /* Starting new scope for local x_pos and y_pos */
546 xpos = preen((int)(info->xoffset*line_offset)+pos[0], info->half_width * 2);
547 ypos = preen((int)(info->yoffset*line_offset)+pos[1], info->half_height * 2);
550 xpos = (int)(info->xoffset*line_offset)+pos[0];
551 ypos = (int)(info->yoffset*line_offset)+pos[1];
553 if (start_time == current_time) {
554 /* smoothen should move from one mode to another prettily... */
556 smoothen(xpos, last_x[wcount][lcount], ypos, last_y[wcount][lcount], size, color_offset, colors, display, window, bgc, screen, info);
559 last_x[wcount][lcount] = xpos;
560 last_y[wcount][lcount] = ypos;
561 last_size[wcount][lcount] = size;
562 XSetForeground(display, bgc, colors[color_offset].pixel);
563 XFillArc(display, window, bgc, xpos, ypos, size, size, START_ARC, END_ARC);
564 } /* End of my temporary scope for xpos and ypos */
565 } /* End of the for each line in nlines */
566 } /* End of the for each whirly in whirlies */
567 XSync(display, False);
568 if (current_time == FULL_CYCLE)
571 current_time = current_time + info->speed;
572 screenhack_handle_events(display);
575 } /* End the while loop! */