[driver model] Allow per-device shutdown or suspend on driver detach.

[driver model] Allow per-device shutdown or suspend on driver detach.

- Add struct device::detach_state, which tells the core what state to put
  the device in when it's detached from its driver (on module removal).

  This is a value in the range of 0-4, with 0 being On and meaning 'Do
  Nothing', 4 being Off, meaing calling ->shutdown() for the device, and
  1-3 being low-power states, meaning call ->suspend() for the device.

- Add per-device sysfs file 'detach_state' to control the value of the
  field.

- Add device_device_shutdown() function, and call it from bus.c::
  device_detach_driver().