open (my $in, '<', $mf) || error ("$mf: $!");
print STDERR "$progname: reading $mf\n" if ($verbose > 1);
local $/ = undef; # read entire file
open (my $in, '<', $mf) || error ("$mf: $!");
print STDERR "$progname: reading $mf\n" if ($verbose > 1);
local $/ = undef; # read entire file